Piezosurgery and Genioplasty: A Literature-Based Assessment of Surgical Efficacy and Outcomes

Abstract

Genioplasty is a well-established ancillary surgical procedure used to correct aesthetic and functional deficiencies of the chin. With the evolution of surgical technologies, piezoelectric bone surgery (piezosurgery) has emerged as a promising technique for performing osteotomies with improved precision and reduced soft tissue trauma. This study aims to narratively evaluate the current literature on the application of piezosurgery in genioplasty and to compare its clinical efficacy, safety, and outcomes with those of conventional bone-cutting methods using rotary or reciprocating instruments. An electronic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases, following a PICO-based strategy. Peer-reviewed articles published between 2017 and 2024, focusing on human genioplasty procedures performed with either piezoelectric or traditional techniques, were included and critically analyzed. Piezosurgery demonstrated superior intraoperative precision, minimized neurovascular risk, and reduced postoperative morbidity. It was associated with lower blood loss, fewer complications, faster recovery, and higher patient satisfaction. Its microvibrational mechanism enables selective cutting of mineralized tissue, sparing adjacent soft structures and enhancing surgical visibility. Piezosurgery represents a valuable advancement in genioplasty, particularly in cases requiring meticulous bone reshaping and soft-tissue preservation. Its clinical advantages support its integration as a standard tool in contemporary mandibular contouring procedures.