The efficacy of the injections of the HA+PDRN device on the level of microvascularization and regeneration of the skin of rats – experimental trial

Abstract

The importance of the effective wound treatment encourages to the search for new drugs and methods for the activating of regeneration. Due to this fact, the use of combined preparations containing polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) and hyaluronic acid (HA) requires further study. It is known that both components of the combination have a positive effect on regeneration processes and stimulate angiogenesis. However, there is still no information on the effectiveness of the combination, timing of stimulation and controllability of micro blood vessels (capillary) growth. Therefore, we carried out a study of the processes of skin regeneration under the influence of the combined preparation containing HA+PDRN on an experimental model of a scalped wound in 17 white outbred rats. When analyzing appropriate morphometric parameters of micro blood vessels in the regeneration area, the vascular density (number of blood vessels in 1 mm2 of newly formed connective tissue) and total vascular area (%) were assessed in two groups: the study group, where combined preparation containing HA+PDRN was used, and the comparison group, where 0.9 % NaCl solution was used. The vascular density at the observation period of 4 and 14 days in HA+PDRN Group was significantly higher than in the comparison group, but on the 21st day it was significantly lower. On the 7th, 14th, and 21st days it exceeded significantly reference values, but on the 4th and 28th days it was not different from them. Total vascular area significantly differed at all the periods of observation from similar data in the comparison group and from normal values, and its maximum values significantly exceeded the highest values in 0.9 % NaCl Group. It is noteworthy that after 14 days, when complete wound epithelization had already occurred, total vascular area in HA+PDRN Group steadily decreased to normal values by 28 days. Obtained data: earlier wound epithelization and cessation of inflammation; normotrophic nature of scarring in HA+PDRN Group; some decrease in the morphometric parameters of the microvascular bed from 14 to 28 days of observation to the level of normal values indicates more favorable conditions for regeneration under the influence of the combined preparation containing HA+PDRN. In this case intensity and adequacy of blood flow in the wound area is provided by two factors: the number of newly formed micro blood vessels and vasodilation which in total ensures a stably effective metabolism and rapid restoration of the structural elements of the skin.