Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Tissue Engineering

Abstract

In these last years regenerative engineering medicine had lead to a significant advancement in the identification and understanding of biomaterials and new technologies to provide cellular support  and innovative strategies for tissue repair and reconstruction. The goal of these strategies, based on the use of cellular therapies and bioengineered scaffolds, is to replace senescence cells and reconstruct wounded or burned skin for re-establishing the normal tissue anatomy and physiology. Scaffolds, in fact, have to provide the correct biochemical and physical environment to guide and stimulate the cellular proliferation, differentiation and migration. Thus, it is necessary not only to develop new strategies to replace, for example, the wounded or burned tissues, but also to regenerate the native tissue lost. At this purpose, different classes of biomaterials are used in the manufacturing of medical devices and implants, providing a microenvironment that allows for nutrient diffusion and survival and stimulation of implanted and tissue-resident cells.